lower(3f) - [M_strings:CASE] changes a string to lowercase over specified range (LICENSE:PD)
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elemental pure function lower(str,begin,end) result (string)
character(*), intent(in) :: str integer,optional :: begin, end character(len(str)) :: string ! output string
lower(str) returns a copy of the ASCII input string with all characters converted to miniscule (ie. "lowercase") over the specified range, If no range is specified the entire string is converted to miniscule.
str string to convert to miniscule begin optional starting position in "str" to begin converting to miniscule. Defaults to the beginning of the string (ie. "1"). end optional ending position in "str" to stop converting to miniscule. Defaults to the end of the string (ie. "len(str)").
lower copy of the entire input string with all characters converted to miniscule over optionally specified range.
The terms "uppercase" and "lowercase" date back to the early days of the mechanical printing press. Individual metal alloy casts of each needed letter or punctuation symbol were meticulously added to a press block, by hand, before rolling out copies of a page. These metal casts were stored and organized in wooden cases. The more-often-needed miniscule letters were placed closer to hand, in the lower cases of the work bench. The less often needed, capitalized, majuscule letters, ended up in the harder to reach upper cases.
Sample program:
program demo_lower use M_strings, only: lower implicit none character(len=:),allocatable :: s s= ABCDEFG abcdefg write(*,*) mixed-case input string is ....,s write(*,*) lower-case output string is ...,lower(s) end program demo_lowerExpected output
mixed-case input string is .... ABCDEFG abcdefg lower-case output string is ... abcdefg abcdefg
John S. Urban
Public Domain
Nemo Release 3.1 | lower (3m_strings) | January 10, 2025 |